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Death Orientation of the Korean Adult -Data was focused on residents who were living in urban area-

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Abstract

°á·Ð ¹× Á¦¾ð
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´ë»óÀÇ ¼Ó¼ºÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Á×À½Á¤À§ÀÇ ¿µÇâ¿äÀÎÀ» ½Äº°Çϸç, Á×À½Á¤À§ Ž±¸ÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î¼­
Q-ºÐ·ùº°ÀÇ À¯¿ë¼ºÀ» È®ÀÎÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÃµµµÇ¾ú´Ù.
Á×À½Á¤À§ÀÇ ¼Ó¼ºÀÌ ´Ù¸éÀû, Æ÷°ýÀû, °³º°Àû ¹× ÁÖ°üÀûÀÎ °ÍÀ¸·Î ´ë»óÀÚ ½º½º·ÎÀÇ ÁøÇàÁ¤ÀÇ
¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Q-ºÐ·ù¹ýÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù.
Q-Ç¥º»Àº Korean Death Orientation Questionaire¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ ±è¼øÀÚ(1994)¿Í ¹Úâ½Â(1996)ÀÇ
¿¬±¸°á°ú Z-Á¡¼ö°¡ ¾ÆÁÖ ³î°Å³ª ¾ÆÁÖ ³·Àº Ç׸ñ°ú Á߸³ÀûÀÎ Ç׸ñÀ» Á¡°ËÇÏ¿© ¿¬±¸ÆÀ 3¸íÀÇ
ÇÕÀÇ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Å롤ÆóÇÕ½ÃÅ°°Å³ª Á¦¿Ü½ÃÄÑ º» ¿¬±¸¸¦ À§ÇÑ Q-Ç׸ñÀ¸·Î 39°³ Ç׸ñÀ» È®Á¤ÇÏ
¿´´Ù.
P-Ç¥º»Àº 35-55¼¼ÀÇ ¼ºÀÎ ³²³à 33¸íÀ» Ç¥ÁýÇÏ¿© ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³À¸¸ç ÀÚ·á¼öÁý ±â°£Àº 4¿ù 1ÀÏ¿¡
¼­ 5¿ù 4ÀϱîÁö¿´´Ù.
ÀÚ·áºÐ¼®Àº P-Ç¥º»ÀÌ 39°³ Q-Ç׸ñ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °¢ÀÚÀÇ µ¿ÀÇ ¼öÁÙ¿¡ µû¶ó 1¿¡¼­ 9±îÁö 9´Ü°èÀÇ
°­Á¦ Á¤»óºÐÆ÷°¡ µÇµµ·Ï ºÐ·ùÇÑ ÀڷḦ PC-QUANL ProgramÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© P-Ç¥º»À» ÃàÀ¸·Î
ÇÏ´Â ÁÖ¿äÀÎ ºÐ¼®¹æ¹ýÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¿äÀÎ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±× °á°ú ¼ºÀÎÀÇ Á×À½Á¤À§ À¯ÇüÀº ´ÙÀ½
°ú °°Àº 8°¡Áö À¯ÇüÀ¸·Î ºÐ·ùÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
1. À¯Çü ¥°Àº Á×À½À» ÀÚ¿¬Çö»óÀ¸·Î ±àÁ¤ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ°í ¼øÀÀÇÏ°Ú´Ù´Â 'ÀÚ¿¬¼øÀÀÇü'ÀÌ´Ù.
2. À¯Çü ¥±´Â Á×À½À» ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¾ø¾îÁö´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³»¼¼¸¦ °­·ÂÈ÷ ºÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Â '³»¼¼ºÎÁ¤
Çü'ÀÌ´Ù.
3. À¯Çü ¥²Àº ³»¼¼¸¦ ¹ÏÀ¸¸ç, ºÒÄ¡º´¿¡ °É¸®¸é Á¾±³È°µ¿¿¡ Àü³äÇÏ°Ú´Ù´Â '³»¼¼Áö ÇâÇü'ÀÌ´Ù.
4. À¯Çü ¥³´Â Àå±â ±âÁõ¿¡ Âù¼ºÇϸç, Á¾±³ È°µ¿À̳ª °ü½ÀÀûÀÎ Á¦ÀÇ µîÀº Áß¿äÇÏ°Ô »ý°¢ÇÏÁö
¾Ê¾Ò°í, ³»¼¼¸¦ ºÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Â 'Çö½ÇÁöÇâÇü'ÀÌ´Ù.
5. À¯Çü ¥´´Â Àå·Ê, Á¦ÀÇ µîÀÇ °ü½ÀÀº ÁöÄÑ¾ß Çϸç Á¦»ç´Â Á¤¼º²¯ ¸ð¼Å¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â '°ü½À Áß
½ÃÇü'ÀÌ´Ù.
6. À¯Çü ¥µÀº Á×À½°ú °ü·ÃµÈ ÀÏüÀÇ ÀǽÄÀº ¹«ÀǹÌÇÏ´Ù°í º¸¸ç, ÀλýÀÇ È²±Ý±â¿¡ ÇູÀÇ Àý
Á¤¿¡¼­ »îÀ» ¸¶¹«¸®Çϱ⸦ ¿øÇÏ´Â 'Çö¼¼Ä¡ÁßÇü' ÀÌ´Ù.
7. À¯Çü ¥¶Àº Á×À½À» ¹Ì¸® ¾Ë°í, Á¸¾öÇÏ°í Ãæ½ÇÇÏ°Ô »îÀ» ¸¶¹«¸®Çϱ⸦ ¿øÇÏ´Â '¿î¸í¼ö¿ëÇü
'ÀÌ´Ù.
8. À¯Çü ¥·Àº °íÅ뽺·¯¿î »îÀ̳ª ÀÎÀ§ÀûÀÎ »ý¸í¿¬ÀåÀ» ¿øÄ¡ ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, Á×À½À» ÀλýÀÇ °íÅëÀ¸
·ÎºÎÅÍ ÇعæµÇ´Â °ÍÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â 'Çö½ÇȸÇÇÇü' ÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌ·¸µí Á×À½¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤À§°¡ ´Ù¾çÇÑ °ÍÀº ÀÓÁ¾À» ¸Â´Â »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀÓÁ¾¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ´Ù¾çÇÒ
°Í°ú ÀÓÁ¾°úÁ¤¿¡ ¿ä±¸µÇ´Â °£È£ÀÇ ¿ì¼± ¼øÀ§µµ °³Àθ¶´Ù ´Ù¸¦ °ÍÀÓÀ» ½Ã»çÇÑ´Ù. ÀÓÁ¾±ËµµÀÇ
ù ´Ü°è¿¡¼­ ÀÓÁ¾»óȲÀ» Åë°íÇÒ ´ë»ó°ú ³»¿ëÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »çÈÄ ½Ã½Å¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿©
·¯ Á¶Ä¡¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö¿¡ À־ º» ¿¬±¸ÀÇ °á°ú´Â ½ÇÁ¦ÀûÀÎ ÁöħÀ» Á¦°øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. º» ¿¬
±¸ÀÇ °á°ú´Â ¼ºÀεéÀÇ Á×À½Á¤À§ À¯ÇüÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÇÏ°í °³º°È­µÈ ÀÓÁ¾°£È£¸¦ °èȹÇϴµ¥ ±×¸®°í
À̸¦ À§ÇÑ ±³À°ÀÇ ±âÃÊÀÚ·á·Î È°¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
#ÃÊ·Ï#
Death and dying of human being is a comprehensive system, and death orientation, the
subjective meaning related to every component of the death system is developed
throughout life. This study was designed and carried out to Identify, describe and
classify the orientations of Korean adult towards the death system.
In an attempt to measure the subjective moaning of death and dying, unstructured
Q-methodology was used. The 65 Q-statements developed by Kim(1994), used by
Kim(1994) and Park(1996) were adopted as Q-population and 39 Q-statements were
selected by the three researchers for Q-items for this study.
Thirty-three P-samples were sampled from P-population of literate Korean men and
women, 35 and 55 years of age, lived in urban Korea for the last 10 years.
Sortings of the 39 Q-items according to the level of personal agreement, and a forced
normal distribution into the 9 levels were carried out by the P-samples. The Z-scores
of the Q-sort data were computed, and the principal components factor analysis by
PC-QUANL Program were carried out. The demographic, socio-cultural and
health-related attributes of the P-samples were descriptively analysed.
Eight types of death orientation were identified ;
Type ¥° ; 'naturalist' Six P-samples. Death is a natural phenomena, to be accepted as
it is and to follow its natural course. Prefer to be informed of all facts and possibilities
concernig the course of dying and death to occur to self.
Type ¥± ; 'life-after-life negator'. Three P-samples. Time and process of death is the
destiny of each person. Death means 'darkness' and 'end to every thing, the absolute
end'. Yet, wish physical integrity at the dying and after death.
Type ¥² ; 'life-after-life believer'. Six P-samples. Men are travellers passing by this
life bound to the life -after -life. Priority concerns are on the activities to prepare self
for the eternal life ahead. Disregard premature and sudden death.
Type ¥³ ; 'here-now believer' Five P-samples. Positive regard to the cremation of the
body and donation of the organs on death. Regard religious and customary post-totem
rituals meaningless. Negate life -after life.
Type ¥´ ; 'believer of rituals'. Five P-samples. Death being accepted as a part of, a
natural end to, and destiny of human life. Concerned to ensure a dignified end to
personal life and dignified post-mortem rituals.
Type ¥µ ; 'Realist'(derived from Type I). Two P-samples. Life and death as universal
reality. The abrupt death at golden age at the peak of happiness is favored to avoid
inevitable physical and mental distress of self and the family. Agreed to the cremation
of the body Disregard rituals.
Type ¥¶ ; 'Fatalist'(derived from Type ¥°). Five P-samples. Not favored, yet, all man
are destined to death, the inevitable end of all living beings. To ensure dignified end by
personal consummation, information on one's dying and imminent death are to be
shared.
Type ¥· ; 'reality avoider '(derived from Type ¥²) One P-sample. Negative to
longevity, artificial prolongation of, meaningless and distressful life. Highly positive to
post-mortem organ donation.

KeyWords
Á×À½Á¤À§, Death Orientation,
¿ø¹® ¹× ¸µÅ©¾Æ¿ô Á¤º¸
 
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ÇмúÁøÈïÀç´Ü(KCI) KoreaMed